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An eruption column or eruption plume is a cloud of super-heated ash and tephra suspended in gases emitted during an explosive volcanic eruption. The volcanic materials form a vertical column or plume that may rise many kilometers into the air above the vent of the volcano.
There are many instances of damage to jet aircraft as a result of an ash encounter. On 24 June 1982, a British Airways Boeing 747-236B flew through the ash cloud from the eruption of Mount Galunggung, Indonesia resulting in the failure of all four engines. The plane descended 24,000 feet (7,300 m) in 16 minutes before the engines restarted ...
More photos from various days since the eruption show the ash cloud in great detail, looming over villages. According to BNPB, 11,553 citizens have evacuated due to the eruptions.
Mount Ruang spewed lava and and ash on April 17, seen from Sitaro, North Sulawesi. It also triggered lightning in the ash cloud -- a common phenomenon in powerful volcano eruptions.
A Vulcanian eruption is a type of volcanic eruption characterized by a dense cloud of ash-laden gas exploding from the crater and rising high above the peak. They usually commence with phreatomagmatic eruptions which can be extremely noisy due to the rising magma heating water in the ground. This is usually followed by the explosive clearing of ...
The ash cloud from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines traveled more than 5,000 miles and damaged more than 20 airplanes, USGS reported. The incident in 1989, among others ...
The Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) in Tokyo has warned that “explosive activity” is continuing. The eruption of the Shiveluch volcano reportedly caused by 7.0-magnitude earthquake on the ...
Tephrochronology is a geochronological technique that uses discrete layers of tephra—volcanic ash from a single eruption—to create a chronological framework in which paleoenvironmental or archaeological records can be placed. Often, when a volcano explodes, biological organisms are killed and their remains are buried within the tephra layer.