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The Roman Senate (Latin: Senātus Rōmānus) was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy.With different powers throughout its existence it lasted from the first days of the city of Rome (traditionally founded in 753 BC) as the Senate of the Roman Kingdom, to the Senate of the Roman Republic and Senate of the Roman Empire and eventually the Byzantine Senate of ...
However, since the Senate controlled money, administration, and the details of foreign policy, it had the most control over day-to-day life. The power and authority of the Senate derived from precedent, the high caliber and prestige of the senators, and the Senate's unbroken lineage, which dated back to the founding of the Republic in 509 BC.
The Senate of the Roman Empire was a political institution in the ancient Roman Empire. After the fall of the Roman Republic, the constitutional balance of power shifted from the Roman Senate to the Roman Emperor. Beginning with the first emperor, Augustus, the Emperor and the Senate were technically two co-equal branches of government. In ...
Various lists regarding the political institutions of ancient Rome are presented. [1] Each entry in a list is a link to a separate article. Categories included are: constitutions (5), laws (5), and legislatures (7); state offices (28) and office holders (6 lists); political factions (2 + 1 conflict) and social ranks (8).
Roman emperor Diocletian, who framed the constitution of the Tetrarchy. Under Diocletian's new constitution, power was shared between two emperors called Augusti.The establishment of two co-equal Augusti marked a rebirth of the old republican principle of collegiality, as all laws, decrees, and appointments that came from one of the Augusti, were to be recognized as coming from both conjointly.
Artist's impression of the Senate in session; Cicero delivering his oration Catiline, from a 19th-century fresco. The senate was the predominant political institution in the Roman republic. The senate's authority derived primarily from custom and tradition. [7] It was also one of the few places in which free political discussion could take ...
When the early Roman gens were aggregating to form a common community, the patres from the leading clans were selected [5] for the confederated board of elders (what would become the Roman Senate). [4] Legend states that the senate grew to a membership of 300 after three blocks of 100 senators were added at fixed points in time.
The decree was a statement of the senate advising the magistrates (usually the consuls and praetors) to defend the state. [2]The senatus consultum ultimum was related to a series of other emergency decrees that the republic could resort to in a crisis, such as decrees to levy soldiers, shut down public business, or declare people to be public enemies.