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José-María Gil-Robles, the leader of the moderate-right Spanish Confederation of Autonomous Rights (CEDA), supported a centrist Radical Republican Party minority government and controlled his party's more radical youth wing. Monarchists, however, turned their attention to the fascist Falange Española, led by José Antonio Primo de Rivera. [5]
End of Navarrese influence over the French territories south of the Garonne. Great Interregnum [17] 1245/50–1273/5 Location: Germany and Italy. Hohenstaufen party Frederick II (1245–50) Conrad IV (1245–54) Alfonso X of Castile (1257–75) Rudolf of Habsburg (1273–5) Welf party Henry of Thuringia (1246–7) William II of Holland (1247–56)
The Spanish army had its own internal divisions and long-standing rifts. Officers supporting the coup tended to be africanistas (men who fought in North Africa between 1909 and 1923) while those who stayed loyal tended to be peninsulares (men who stayed back in Spain during this period). This was because during Spain's North African campaigns ...
The highest military awards of the Spanish Republic, the Laureate Plate of Madrid (Spanish: Placa Laureada de Madrid), and the Madrid Distinction (Spanish: Distintivo de Madrid), [2] established by the Republican government to reward courage, [3] were named after the capital of Spain because the city symbolised valour and Republican resistance ...
The Nationalist faction (Spanish: Bando nacional) [n 2] or Rebel faction (Spanish: Bando sublevado) [5] was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of right-leaning political groups that supported the Spanish Coup of July 1936 against the Second Spanish Republic and Republican faction and sought to depose Manuel Azaña, including the Falange, the ...
The final offensive of the Spanish Civil War took place between 26 March and 1 April 1939, towards the end of the Spanish Civil War.On 5 March 1939, the Republican Army, led by Colonel Segismundo Casado and the politician Julián Besteiro, rose against the socialist prime minister Juan Negrín, and formed a military junta, the National Defence Council (Consejo Nacional de Defensa or CND) to ...
At times they allied with nationalists (separate from the National Faction during the civil war itself), including during the Carlist Wars. [5] Periodically, anarchism became popular among the working class, and was far stronger in Spain than anywhere else in Europe at the time. [5] Anarchists were easily defeated in clashes with government ...
[43] [44] Nevertheless, at least 140,000 refugees remained in France while 19,000 went to the French colonies of North Africa. [43] After the fall of France 10,000 [45] –15,000 [46] refugees were detained by the Nazis and deported to concentration camps. Another 10,000 joined the French Resistance [47] and more than 2,000 joined the Free ...