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Francisco Franco Bahamonde [f] [g] (born Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title ...
The Church was a frequent target of the revolutionary left in the republic and in the war. During the Civil War, revolutionaries destroyed or burned some 20,000 churches, along with church artwork and tombs, books, archives, and palaces. [38] [39] A vast number of affected buildings are today defunct.
By 1937, the rebels had captured much of Spain's coastline and had laid siege to Madrid. [4] [5] They also conquered the remaining areas in the north. This sector of the war is known as the War in the North. [6] [7] Throughout 1938 the rebels marched to the east of the country, capturing Aragon and Catalonia. This cut off the Republican ...
The ensuing Civil War devastated Spain, ending with the victory of the rebels and the founding of the Spanish State, led by caudillo Francisco Franco, the leader of the Nationalist army. The civil war was marked by the extensive involvement of international units. [47] Many joined the Republican side under the banner of the International Brigades.
The international response to the Spanish Civil War included many non-Spaniards participating in combat and advisory positions. The governments of Italy, Germany and, to a lesser extent, Portugal contributed money, munitions, manpower and support to the Nationalist forces, led by Francisco Franco. Some nations that declared neutrality favored ...
The siege of Madrid was a two-and-a-half-year siege of the Republican-controlled Spanish capital city of Madrid by the Nationalist armies, under General Francisco Franco, during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The city, besieged from October 1936, fell to the Nationalist armies on 28 March 1939.
April 3 The CNT declares that the revolution must continue. In opposition to the declaration of the Spanish Communist Party (PCE) last month, which was pro-parliamentary democracy and against social revolution, the anarchist CNT declares that "revolution must go on" and that such a policy constitutes the greatest strength against fascism.
At times they allied with nationalists (separate from the National Faction during the civil war itself), including during the Carlist Wars. [5] Periodically, anarchism became popular among the working class, and was far stronger in Spain than anywhere else in Europe at the time. [5] Anarchists were easily defeated in clashes with government ...