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Rice production in India is an important part of the national economy. [1] Major cropping areas in India. Rice shaded in light jade green indicates the most important and extensive growing areas in the east of the country Dry productive Paddy Fields in South India Mature Rice, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
The origin of Oryza sativa rice domestication has been a subject of much debate among those who study crop history and anthropology – whether rice originated in India or China. [40] [41] Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of oldest crop species. It has tens of thousands of varieties and two major subspecies, japonica and indica.
Rice was cultivated in the Indus Valley civilisation. [36] Agricultural activity during the second millennium BC included rice cultivation in the Kashmir and Harrappan regions. [35] Mixed farming was the basis of the Indus valley economy. [36] Denis J. Murphy (2007) details the spread of cultivated rice from India into South-east Asia: [37]
For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). Rice plant (Oryza sativa) with branched panicles containing many grains on each stem Rice grains of different varieties at the International Rice Research Institute Rice is a cereal grain and in its domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza ...
Women cooking rice with jaggery on the morning of the Pongal festival. Rice has religious significance and spiritual heritage in India, and is considered a sacred grain in Hindu scriptures such as the Vedas, Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa, Shatapatha Brahmana, the Mahabharata epic, and in archaeological finds in places such as the holy city of Kashi.
Rice fields with seedlings planted in the village of Karthalipalem, Andhra Pradesh, India. India has the largest paddy output in the world and is also the largest exporter of rice in the world as of 2020. In India, West Bengal is the largest rice producing state. [36]
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Kerala matta rice is grown in Kerala, Karnataka in southern India and in northern Sri Lanka.Matta rice gives Kerala farmers a premium of Indian Rs. 300 for 500 kg of paddy.A three-year ban on the export of matta rice was partially lifted in February 2011, allowing 25,000 tonnes to be exported in 2011.