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Poisoning is the harmful effect which occurs when toxic substances are introduced into the body. [1] The term "poisoning" is a derivative of poison, a term describing any chemical substance that may harm or kill a living organism upon ingestion. [2] Poisoning can be brought on by swallowing, inhaling, injecting or absorbing toxins through the skin.
Acute poisoning is exposure to a poison on one occasion or during a short period of time. Symptoms develop in close relation to the exposure. Absorption of a poison is necessary for systemic poisoning. Furthermore, many common household medications are not labeled with skull and crossbones, although they can cause severe illness or even death.
Ethylene glycol poisoning is poisoning caused by drinking ethylene glycol. [1] Early symptoms include intoxication , vomiting and abdominal pain . [ 1 ] Later symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness , headache , and seizures . [ 1 ]
Nitrogen dioxide poisoning is the illness resulting from the toxic effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). It usually occurs after the inhalation of the gas beyond the threshold limit value . [ 1 ]
Arsenic poisoning (or arsenicosis) is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. [4] If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting , abdominal pain , encephalopathy , and watery diarrhea that contains blood . [ 1 ]
The following is a list of types of poison by intended use: . Biocide – a chemical substance capable of killing living organisms, usually in a selective way . Fungicide – a chemical compound or biological organism used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores
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Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).