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Two king post trusses linked to support a roof. Key:1: ridge beam, 2: purlins, 3: common rafters. This is an example of a "double roof" with principal rafters and common rafters. A timber roof truss is a structural framework of timbers designed to bridge the space above a room and to provide support for a roof.
This is accomplished by using metal ties fastened to each rafter or truss. This is not normally a problem in areas not prone to high wind or extreme weather conditions. In the UK, a concrete tiled roof would normally have rafters at 600 mm (24 in) centers, roof battens at 300 mm (12 in) centers and ceiling joists at 400 mm (16 in) centers.
In steel construction, the term purlin typically refers to roof framing members that span parallel to the building eave, [5] and support the roof decking or sheeting. The purlins are in turn supported by rafters or walls. Purlins are most commonly used in Steel Framed Building Systems, where Z-shapes are utilized in a manner that allows ...
Butterfly roof (V-roof, [8] London roof [9]): A V-shaped roof resembling an open book. A kink separates the roof into two parts running towards each other at an obtuse angle. Karahafu: A type of gable found in some traditional Japanese buildings. Hidden roof: A type of Japanese roof construction.
Compass rafter: A rafter curved or bowed on the top (the top surface of a rafter is called its "back") or both the top and bottom surfaces. Curb rafter: The upper rafters in a curb (kerb, gambrel, Mansard roof) roof. Hip rafter (angle rafter): The rafter in the corners of a hip roof. The foot of a hip rafter lands on a dragon beam.
Roofing with large elements includes sheet metals, profiled metal or plastic trays, and corrugated fiber-cement sheets. Their waterproofing principles may involve overlapping, stapling, the application of elastomer seals, etc. Some traditional roofing materials, such as thatch or green roofs, do not fit into these two categories.
The gable roof [2] is so common because of the simple design of the roof timbers and the rectangular shape of the roof sections. This avoids details which require a great deal of work or cost and which are prone to damage. If the pitch or the rafter lengths of the two roof sections are different, it is described as an 'asymmetrical gable roof'.
Cross bracing between joists or rafters strengthens the members by preventing sideways deflection. This bracing is known by many names such as herringbone strutting, blocking, bridging, and dwanging. Cross bracing on a bridge tower. In construction, cross bracing is a system utilized to reinforce building structures in which diagonal supports ...