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  2. Time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation

    The faster the relative velocity, the greater the time dilation between them, with time slowing to a stop as one clock approaches the speed of light (299,792,458 m/s). In theory, time dilation would make it possible for passengers in a fast-moving vehicle to advance into the future in a short period of their own time.

  3. Lorentz factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor

    Lorentz factor γ as a function of fraction of given velocity and speed of light. Its initial value is 1 (when v = 0); and as velocity approaches the speed of light (v → c) γ increases without bound (γ → ∞). α (Lorentz factor inverse) as a function of velocity—a circular arc. In the table below, the left-hand column shows speeds as ...

  4. Speed of light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_Light

    Similarly, a time dilation factor of γ = 10 occurs at 99.5% the speed of light (v = 0.995 c). The results of special relativity can be summarized by treating space and time as a unified structure known as spacetime (with c relating the units of space and time), and requiring that physical theories satisfy a special symmetry called Lorentz ...

  5. List of relativistic equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_relativistic_equations

    Lorentz factor. {\displaystyle \gamma = {\frac {1} {\sqrt {1-\beta ^ {2}}}}} where and v is the relative velocity between two inertial frames. For two frames at rest, γ = 1, and increases with relative velocity between the two inertial frames. As the relative velocity approaches the speed of light, γ → ∞. Time dilation (different times t ...

  6. Electromagnetic wave equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_wave_equation

    is the speed of light (i.e. phase velocity) in a medium with permeability μ, and permittivity ε, and ∇ 2 is the Laplace operator. In a vacuum, v ph = c 0 = 299 792 458 m/s, a fundamental physical constant. [1] The electromagnetic wave equation derives from Maxwell's equations.

  7. Experimental testing of time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_testing_of...

    Decay time of muons: The time dilation formula is , where T0 is the proper time of a clock comoving with the muon, corresponding with the mean decay time of the muon in its proper frame. As the muon is at rest in S′, we have γ=1 and its proper time T′0 is measured. As it is moving in S, we have γ>1, therefore its proper time is shorter ...

  8. Hyperbolic motion (relativity) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_motion_(relativity)

    Each hyperbola is defined by and (with ) in equation (2). Hyperbolic motion is the motion of an object with constant proper acceleration in special relativity. It is called hyperbolic motion because the equation describing the path of the object through spacetime is a hyperbola, as can be seen when graphed on a Minkowski diagram whose ...

  9. One-way speed of light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-way_speed_of_light

    The one-way speed. Unidirectional light path in the aberration of light. Although the average speed over a two-way path can be measured, the one-way speed in one direction or the other is undefined (and not simply unknown), unless one can define what is "the same time" in two different locations. To measure the time that the light has taken to ...