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Scientific pitch notation (SPN), also known as American standard pitch notation (ASPN) and international pitch notation (IPN), is a method of specifying musical pitch by combining a musical note name (with accidental if needed) and a number identifying the pitch's octave.
Scientific pitch, also known as philosophical pitch, Sauveur pitch or Verdi tuning, is an absolute concert pitch standard which is based on middle C (C 4) being set to 256 Hz rather than approximately 261.63 Hz, [1] making it approximately 31.77 cents lower than the common A440 pitch standard.
For instance, the standard 440 Hz tuning pitch is named A 4 in scientific notation and instead named a′ in Helmholtz notation. Meanwhile, the electronic musical instrument standard called MIDI doesn't specifically designate pitch classes, but instead names pitches by counting from its lowest note: number 0 ( C −1 ≈ 8.1758 Hz) ; up ...
The naming of individual Cs using the Helmholtz system. Helmholtz pitch notation is a system for naming musical notes of the Western chromatic scale.Fully described and normalized by the German scientist Hermann von Helmholtz, it uses a combination of upper and lower case letters (A to G), [a] and the sub- and super-prime symbols ( ͵ ′ or ⸜ ⸝) to denote each individual note of the scale.
A440 (also known as Stuttgart pitch [1]) is the musical pitch corresponding to an audio frequency of 440 Hz, which serves as a tuning standard for the musical note of A above middle C, or A 4 in scientific pitch notation. It is standardized by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 16.
In scientific pitch notation, [4] the guitar's standard tuning consists of the following notes: E 2 –A 2 –D 3 –G 3 –B 3 –E 4. String frequencies of standard tuning
Pitch: Unless otherwise noted, contemporary western standard pitch (A 4 = 440 Hz) and 12-tone equal temperament are assumed. [ 3 ] Octaves are given in scientific pitch notation , with Middle C written as "C 4 ".
"The pitch class C stands for all possible Cs, in whatever octave position." [1] Important to musical set theory, a pitch class is "all pitches related to each other by octave, enharmonic equivalence, or both." [2] Thus, using scientific pitch notation, the pitch class "C" is the set {C n : n is an integer} = {..., C −2, C −1, C 0, C 1, C 2 ...
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