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In many cases, upward conflict spirals are sustained by the norms of reciprocity: if one group or person criticizes the other, the criticized person or group feels justified in doing the same. In conflict situations, opponents often follow the norm of rough reciprocity, i.e. they give too much (overmatching) or too little (undermatching) in return.
A thesaurus (pl.: thesauri or thesauruses), sometimes called a synonym dictionary or dictionary of synonyms, is a reference work which arranges words by their meanings (or in simpler terms, a book where one can find different words with similar meanings to other words), [1] [2] sometimes as a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms, sometimes simply as lists of synonyms and antonyms.
A chicken game is a situation where two states engage in brinkmanship even though the ideal solution is for one state to yield to the other. For example, the United States and the USSR risked global nuclear war to protect relatively minor strategic interests during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
work breakdown structure and schedule (i.e. when it will be achieved) TORs could include: [3] success factors, risks and constraints. Although the terms of reference of a project are sometimes referred to as the project charter, [4] there are significant differences between the two. This article describes a TOR containing detailed definitions ...
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A schedule is said to be conflict-serializable when the schedule is conflict-equivalent to one or more serial schedules. Equivalently, a schedule is conflict-serializable if and only if its precedence graph is acyclic when only committed transactions are considered. Note that if the graph is defined to also include uncommitted transactions ...
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution.Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective ...
A Dictionary of Military Architecture: Fortification and Fieldworks from the Iron Age to the Eighteenth Century by Stephen Francis Wyley, drawings by Steven Lowe; Victorian Forts glossary Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. A more comprehensive version has been published as A Handbook of Military Terms by David Moore at the same site