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This is a list of the cattle breeds considered in India to be wholly or partly of Indian origin. Some may have complex or obscure histories, so inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Indian. Cows from these breeds are often called Desi cows.
Of the more than 800 cattle breeds recognized worldwide, India had 27 acknowledged indigenous breeds of cattle and 7 breeds of buffaloes. As of 2018 the ICAR recognized 50 breeds that are indigenous in India, [1] [2] of which two cattle breeds and three buffalo breeds were added in 2018. [3]
Gangatiri Bull Gangatiri Cow. Gangatiri (Hindi: गंगातिरी), also known as Eastern Hariana and Shahdari, is an indigenous cattle breed of India. [1] It is known to be originated in the region along the banks of Ganga river in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western parts of Bihar state.
Haryanvi bull Haryanvi cow. Hariana (Hindi: हरियाना) or haryanvi is an Indian breed of cow native to North India, specially in the state of Haryana.They produce about 10 to 15 litres of milk a day, compared to 8.9 litres when cross-bred with Holstein Friesian cattle (HS), whereas pure HS can produce 50 litres a day, but it is not as disease-resistant in the conditions of North India.
Breeds of Cattle – Cow World (archived 19 January 2017) Cattle Breeds – Embryoplus.com (archived 29 November 2013) Breeds of Cattle – Official 2nd Edition; Cattle Breeds of the World; Portuguese Cattle Breeds (archived 17 January 2016) EuReCa – Towards self-sustainable EUropean, REgional CAttle breeds; Native cow varieties of India
It has been bred selectively to produce the highest yields of milk of any cow. The average in the UK is around 22 litres per day. [102] [103] Dairy is a large industry worldwide. In 2023, the 27 European Union countries produced 143 million tons of cow's milk; the United States 104.1 million tons; and India 99.5 million tons. [107]
According to Indologist Madeleine Biardeau, Kamadhenu or Kamaduh is the generic name of the sacred cow, who is regarded as the source of all prosperity in Hinduism. [5] Kamadhenu is regarded as a form of Devi (the Hindu Divine Mother) [ 8 ] and is closely related to the fertile Mother Earth ( Prithvi ), who is often described as a cow in Sanskrit.
The Kankrej (Hindi: कंकरेज) is an Indian breed of zebuine cattle. It originates from the arid region of the Rann of Kutch in the state of Gujarat , and in neighbouring Rajasthan . Under the name Kankaraj , it is also present in Tharparkar District , in Sindh , Pakistan .