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The question of whether printing originated in Europe or China was raised in the early 16th century by a Portuguese poet, Garcia de Resende (1470 – 1536). Paolo Giovio (1483 – 1552), an Italian historian who had come into possession of several Chinese books and maps through João de Barros (1496 – 1570), claimed that printing was invented ...
Spread of printing in Europe in the 15th century European output of printed books from the 15th through the 18th century. The global spread of the printing press began with the invention of the printing press with movable type by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany c. 1439. [1]
Printing was regulated by the state and largely served the interests of the educated bureaucracy. [8] [15] Only during the Ming and Qing dynasties did the publication of vernacular texts become common. Paper and woodblock printing were introduced into Europe in the 15th century, and the first printed books began appearing in Europe
From about 1500 the maturation of paper making and printing in Southern Europe also had an effect in closing the gap with the Chinese. The Venetian Domenico Grimani's collection numbered 15,000 volumes by the time of his death in 1523. After 1600, European collections completely overtook those in China.
Block printing first came to Europe as a method for printing on cloth, where it was common by 1300. Images printed on cloth for religious purposes could be quite large and elaborate. When paper became relatively easily available, around 1400, the technique transferred very quickly to small woodcut religious images and playing cards printed on ...
Notably, early printed books matched the style of handwritten manuscripts and did not contain title pages, page numbers, or headings. [1] The rapid spread of movable type printing across Europe produced additional Gothic, half-Gothic and Gothic-to-Roman transitional types. Johann Bämler's Schwabacher, Augsburg appeared in 1474.
The embrace of the printing press by the general public in the Arab and Persian worlds occurred in the 18th century CE, despite having been introduced in Europe three centuries earlier. [48] The first Arabic printing press was established in Constantinople in 1720 under the reign of Sultan Ahmed III.
In 1814 The Times acquired a printing press capable of making 1,100 impressions per hour. [22] It was soon adapted to print on both sides of a page at once. This innovation made newspapers cheaper and thus available to a larger part of the population. In 1830, the first penny press newspaper came to the market: Lynde M. Walter's Boston ...