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Frogs have a highly developed nervous system that consists of a brain, spinal cord and nerves. Many parts of frog brains correspond with those of humans. It consists of two olfactory lobes, two cerebral hemispheres, a pineal body, two optic lobes, a cerebellum and a medulla oblongata.
Jerome Ysroael Lettvin (February 23, 1920 – April 23, 2011), often known as Jerry Lettvin, was an American cognitive scientist, and Professor of Electrical and Bioengineering and Communications Physiology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
The first list shows number of neurons in their entire nervous system. The second list shows the number of neurons in the structure that has been found to be representative of animal intelligence. [1] The human brain contains 86 billion neurons, with 16 billion neurons in the cerebral cortex. [2] [1]
Dissection of a frog. Pain is an aversive sensation and feeling associated with actual, or potential, tissue damage. [1] It is widely accepted by a broad spectrum of scientists and philosophers that non-human animals can perceive pain, including pain in amphibians.
Vertebrates (/ ˈ v ɜːr t ə b r ɪ t s,-ˌ b r eɪ t s /) [3] are animals with a vertebral column (backbone or spine), and a cranium, or skull. The vertebral column surrounds and protects the spinal cord, while the cranium protects the brain. The vertebrates make up the subphylum Vertebrata with some 65,000 species, by far the largest ...
"Overall, Gordonia's brain looks more like a reptile than a mammal despite it being more closely related to us than to any modern living reptile," said paleontology doctoral student Hady George of ...
These changes all work together to make the brain much more susceptible to hypoxia — a lack of oxygen. Also, in younger brains, hypoxia normally triggers the formation of new blood vessels. In ...
Paleontologists have discovered a previously unknown ancient species: Kermitops — an amphibian that predates the dinosaurs and reveals the complexity of frog evolution. Researchers found a tiny ...