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Liver function tests (LFTs or LFs), also referred to as a hepatic panel or liver panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver. [1] These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin , bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
In medicine, the presence of elevated transaminases, commonly the transaminases alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), may be an indicator of liver dysfunction. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Other terms include transaminasemia , [ 3 ] and elevated liver enzymes (though they are not the only enzymes in the liver).
The AST/ALT ratio or De Ritis ratio is the ratio between the concentrations of two enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase, aka alanine aminotransferase (ALT), in the blood of a human or animal. It is used as one of several liver function tests, and measured with a blood test.
Serum AST level, serum ALT (alanine transaminase) level, and their ratio (AST/ALT ratio) are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests are part of blood panels. The half-life of total AST in the circulation approximates 17 hours and, on average, 87 hours for mitochondrial AST. [4] Aminotransferase is cleared by ...
ALT is commonly measured clinically as part of liver function tests and is a component of the AST/ALT ratio. [6] When used in diagnostics, it is almost always measured in international units/liter (IU/L) [7] or μkat. While sources vary on specific reference range values for patients, 0-40 IU/L is the standard reference range for experimental ...
[27]: 1794 The serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level usually is greater than the aspartate transaminase (AST) level in the nonalcoholic variant and the opposite in alcoholic FLD (AST:ALT more than 2:1). Simple blood tests may help to determine the magnitude of the disease by assessing the degree of liver fibrosis. [28] For example, AST-to ...
Liver function tests may be abnormal, but they often remain within the normal range even in advanced disease. [13] [66] [25] Other blood tests that may be useful to confirm the diagnosis include erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum glucose, and albumin.
Most have slightly abnormal liver function tests such as raised aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and bilirubin levels. If the liver damage is significant, albumin may be decreased due to an inability of damaged liver cells to produce this protein; likewise, the prothrombin time (a test of coagulation ) may be prolonged as the liver ...
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