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(Supermassive black holes up to 21 billion (2.1 × 10 10) M ☉ have been detected, such as NGC 4889.) [16] Unlike stellar mass black holes, supermassive black holes have comparatively low average densities. (Note that a (non-rotating) black hole is a spherical region in space that surrounds the singularity at its center; it is not the ...
The Carter constant is a conserved quantity for motion around black holes in the general relativistic formulation of gravity. Its SI base units are kg 2 ⋅m 4 ⋅s −2 . Carter's constant was derived for a spinning, charged black hole by Australian theoretical physicist Brandon Carter in 1968.
A black hole with the mass of a car would have a diameter of about 10 −24 m and take a nanosecond to evaporate, during which time it would briefly have a luminosity of more than 200 times that of the Sun. Lower-mass black holes are expected to evaporate even faster; for example, a black hole of mass 1 TeV/c 2 would take less than 10 −88 ...
Gravitational singularities are mainly considered in the context of general relativity, where density would become infinite at the center of a black hole without corrections from quantum mechanics, and within astrophysics and cosmology as the earliest state of the universe during the Big Bang. Physicists have not reached a consensus about what ...
If there is no incoming gravitational radiation, according to general relativity, two bodies orbiting one another will emit gravitational radiation, causing the orbits to gradually lose energy. The formulae describing the loss of energy and angular momentum due to gravitational radiation from the two bodies of the Kepler problem have been ...
Scientists made that point anew on Monday in a study that used observations of a ferocious class of black holes called quasars to demonstrate "time dilation" in the early universe, showing how ...
In abstract index notation, the EFE reads as follows: + = where is the Einstein tensor, is the cosmological constant, is the metric tensor, is the speed of light in vacuum and is the gravitational constant, which comes from Newton's law of universal gravitation.
The Kerr metric or Kerr geometry describes the geometry of empty spacetime around a rotating uncharged axially symmetric black hole with a quasispherical event horizon.The Kerr metric is an exact solution of the Einstein field equations of general relativity; these equations are highly non-linear, which makes exact solutions very difficult to find.