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2. Metallurgical assay - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgical_assay

   A model of a late 19th-century Canadian seal used to certify the quality of assayed gold. A metallurgical assay is a compositional analysis of an ore, metal, or alloy, usually performed in order to test for purity or quality. Some assay methods are suitable for raw materials; others are more appropriate for finished goods.

3. Karatmeter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karatmeter

   Due to its very high precision and fast result, X-ray analysis has been adopted by international agencies in India as part of the certification process used to hallmark gold. [1] It is an accurate, non-destructive means of testing the purity of gold and other related elements. Analyzing gold using XRF spectrometers gives the purity of gold, up ...

4. Touchstone (assaying tool) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchstone_(assaying_tool)

   The touchstone was used during the Harappa period of the Indus Valley civilization ca. 2600–1900 BC for testing the purity of soft metals. [2] It was also used in Ancient Greece. [3] The touchstone allowed anyone to easily and quickly determine the purity of a metal sample.

5. Assay office - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assay_office

   Assay offices are institutions set up to assay (test the purity of) precious metals. This is often done to protect consumers from buying fake items. Upon successful completion of an assay (i.e. if the metallurgical content is found be equal or better than that claimed by the maker and it otherwise conforms to the prevailing law) the assay offices typically stamp a hallmark on the item to ...

6. Acid test - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_test

   An acid test is a qualitative chemical or metallurgical assay utilizing acid. Historically, it often involved the use of a robust acid to distinguish gold from base metals . Figuratively, the term represents any definitive test for attributes, such as gauging a person's character or evaluating a product's performance.

7. Doré bar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doré_bar

   Mint and private assayers would subsequently refine the doré bars to an acceptable purity, 999 fine, gold bullion, with the silver and base metals removed. By the time of the California gold rush , mints were moving away from the age-old process of cupellation to " part " bullion and moving toward the acid refining process developed by chemist ...