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Benedict's reagent (often called Benedict's qualitative solution or Benedict's solution) is a chemical reagent and complex mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. [1] It is often used in place of Fehling's solution to detect the presence of reducing sugars and other reducing substances. [2]
Aldonic acids are the products of the oxidation of aldoses by Benedict's or Fehling's reagents. [7] Copper ions react with an aldose to form a red precipitate, Cu 2 O. The reaction scheme of an aldose being oxidized by the copper ions in a Benedict's reagent solution. The R group provided is an example of a sugar backbone.
Reducing form of glucose (the aldehyde group is on the far right). A reducing sugar is any sugar that is capable of acting as a reducing agent. [1] In an alkaline solution, a reducing sugar forms some aldehyde or ketone, which allows it to act as a reducing agent, for example in Benedict's reagent.
is an alkaline solution of potassium permanganate; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds; N-Bromosuccinimide: used in radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions in organic chemistry. Also acts as a mild oxidizer to oxidize benzylic or allylic alcohols.
For example, copper salts are used to test for reducing sugars. Specifically, using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution the presence of the sugar is signaled by a color change from blue Cu(II) to reddish copper(I) oxide. [4] Schweizer's reagent and related complexes with ethylenediamine and other amines dissolve cellulose. [5]
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In chemistry, a reagent (/ r i ˈ eɪ dʒ ən t / ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. [1] The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction. [ 1 ]
A supersaturated solution of sodium acetate in water is supplied with a device to initiate crystallization, a process that releases substantial heat. Solubility from CRC Handbook. Sodium acetate trihydrate crystals melt at 58–58.4 °C (136.4–137.1 °F), [12] [13] and the liquid sodium acetate dissolves in the released water of crystallization.