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The Existence of God is a 1979 book by British philosopher of religion Richard Swinburne, [1] [2] claiming the existence of the Abrahamic God on rational grounds. The argument rests on an updated version of natural theology with biological evolution using scientific inference, mathematical probability theory, such as Bayes' theorem, and of inductive logic. [3]
Therefore, God must exist." A more elaborate version was given by Gottfried Leibniz (1646–1716); this is the version that Gödel studied and attempted to clarify with his ontological argument. The argument uses modal logic , which deals with statements about what is necessarily true or possibly true.
The existence of God is a subject of debate in the philosophy of religion and theology. [1] A wide variety of arguments for and against the existence of God (with the same or similar arguments also generally being used when talking about the existence of multiple deities) can be categorized as logical, empirical, metaphysical, subjective, or ...
Further treatments: In the Question of the Summa theologica: in Article I, Aquinas finds that the existence of God is not self-evident to humans. In Article II, he says that the approach of demonstration a posteriori can be used to go trace back to assert the a priori existence of God. Article III (i.e., the Five Ways) is a summary or ...
The origins of the cosmological argument can be traced to classical antiquity, rooted in the concept of the prime mover, introduced by Aristotle.In the 6th century, Syriac Christian theologian John Philoponus (c. 490–c. 570) proposed the first known version of the argument based on the impossibility of an infinite temporal regress, postulating that time itself must have had a beginning.
The Existence of God (Problems of Philosophy). Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-02-085450-0. Also in The Philosophical Review, Vol. 69, No. 1 (Jan. 1960), pp. 41-62 and in Knowledge and Certainty: Essays and Lectures by Norman Malcolm, Cornell University Press, 1975) ISBN 0-8014-9154-1. Oppy, Graham (1996). Ontological Arguments and Belief in God ...
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All the above items show the 'contrivances' in existence, which Paley argues prove the personality of the Deity, arguing that only persons can contrive or design. Chapter XXIV. Of the natural Attributes of the Deity The attributes of God must, Paley argues, be 'adequate to the magnitude, extent, and multiplicity of his operations'. Chapter XXV.