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The Qur'an distinguishes between the monotheistic People of the Book (ahl al-kitab), i.e. Jews, Christians, Sabians and others on the one hand and polytheists or idolaters on the other hand. [ citation needed ] There are certain kinds of restrictions that apply to polytheists but not to "People of the Book" in classical Islamic law .
The historical interaction between Islam and Judaism started in the 7th century CE with the origin and spread of Islam. There are many common aspects between Islam and Judaism, and as Islam developed, it gradually became the major religion closest to Judaism.
The term Abrahamic religions (and its variations) is a collective religious descriptor for elements shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. [4] It features prominently in interfaith dialogue and political discourse but also has entered academic discourse.
Religious studies, also known as religiology or the study of religion, is the study of religion from a historical or scientific perspective. There is no consensus on what qualifies as religion and its definition is highly contested.
While other branches of Islam generally focus on exoteric aspects of religion, Sufism is mainly focused on the direct perception of truth or God through mystic practices based on divine love. Sufism embodies a number of cultures , philosophies, central teachings and bodies of esoteric knowledge .
The celebrated Islamic scholar Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali wrote on Islamic sciences in his well known book The Revival of Religious Sciences (Ihya `ulum al‑din). He argued that a Muslim has a religious obligation ( wajib ) to know whatever aspects of religious science are necessary for them to obey Shari'ah in doing whatever work it is they do.
In these categories, Tiele in 1877 placed Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam as universal religions. [9] By 'world religions,' we understand the five religions or religiously determined-systems of life-regulation which have known how to gather multitudes of confessors around them. The term is used here in a completely value-neutral sense.
Studying Religion – Introduction to the methods and scholars of the academic study of religion Full-text search engine – Searchable sacred texts of the major World Religions Patheos.com – Offers a comprehensive library with essays written by prominent religious scholars