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The h-index is an author-level metric that measures both the productivity and citation impact of the publications, initially used for an individual scientist or scholar. The h-index correlates with success indicators such as winning the Nobel Prize, being accepted for research fellowships and holding positions at top universities. [1]
Author-level metrics are citation metrics that measure the bibliometric impact of individual authors, researchers, academics, and scholars. Many metrics have been developed that take into account varying numbers of factors (from only considering the total number of citations, to looking at their distribution across papers or journals using statistical or graph-theoretic principles).
The h-index became an important indicator of the productivity and impact of the work of a scientist. However, alternative author-level metrics have been proposed. [10] [11] Around the same time, the interest of governments in evaluating research for the purpose of assessing the impact of science funding increased.
The Web of Science (WoS; previously known as Web of Knowledge) is a paid-access platform that provides (typically via the internet) access to multiple databases that provide reference and citation data from academic journals, conference proceedings, and other documents in various academic disciplines.
Traditionally, bibliometrics have been used to evaluate the usage and impact of research, but have usually been focused on journal-level metrics such as the impact factor or researcher-level metrics such as the h-index. [5] Article-level metrics, on the other hand, may demonstrate the impact of an individual article.
The original logotype from the Altmetrics Manifesto [1]. In scholarly and scientific publishing, altmetrics (stands for "alternative metrics") are non-traditional bibliometrics [2] proposed as an alternative [3] or complement [4] to more traditional citation impact metrics, such as impact factor and h-index. [5]
The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations of articles published in the last two years in a given journal, as indexed by Clarivate's Web of Science.
The composite index or composite indicator (abbreviated as c-score) [1] [2] is a new numerical indicator that evaluates the quality of a scientist's research publications, regardless of the scientific field in which he/she operates. [3] [4] [5]