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The king of Rome (Latin: rex Romae) was the ruler of the Roman Kingdom, a legendary period of Roman history that functioned as an elective monarchy. [1] According to legend, the first king of Rome was Romulus, who founded the city in 753 BC upon the Palatine Hill. Seven legendary kings are said to have ruled Rome until 509 BC, when the last ...
Romulus (/ ˈ r ɒ m j ʊ l ə s /, Classical Latin: [ˈroːmʊɫʊs]) was the legendary founder and first king of Rome.Various traditions attribute the establishment of many of Rome's oldest legal, political, religious, and social institutions to Romulus and his contemporaries.
According to the Ancient Romans' founding myth, [20] the name Roma came from the city's founder and first king, Romulus. [1]However, it is possible that the name Romulus was actually derived from Rome itself. [21]
The seventh and final king of Rome was Lucius Tarquinius Superbus. He was the son of Priscus and the son-in-law of Servius, whom he and his wife had killed. [39] Tarquinius waged a number of wars against Rome's neighbours, including against the Volsci, Gabii and the Rutuli. He also secured Rome's position as head of the Latin cities.
This moved Rome's foundation much closer to the fall of Troy, dated by Eratosthenes to 1184–83 BC; [36] these dates are attested as early as the 4th century BC. Romulus was later chronologically connected to Aeneas and the time of the Trojan War by introducing a line of Alban kings, which scholars consider to be entirely spurious. [51]
According to Roman legend, Romulus was the founder and first King of Rome, establishing the Roman Kingdom. 752 BC: Romulus, first king of Rome, celebrates the first Roman triumph after his victory over the Caeninenses, following the Rape of the Sabine Women. He celebrates a further triumph later in the year over the Antemnates. [1]
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
More important by far was the Pontificate of Sixtus IV, considered the first Pope-King of Rome. In order to favour his relative Girolamo Riario, he promoted the unsuccessful Congiura dei Pazzi against the Medici of Florence (26 April 1478) and in Rome fought the Colonna and the Orsini.