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The Federal Information Processing Standard Publication 140-2, (FIPS PUB 140-2), [1] [2] is a U.S. government computer security standard used to approve cryptographic modules. The title is Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules .
The Suite B algorithms have been replaced by Commercial National Security Algorithm (CNSA) Suite algorithms: [7] Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), per FIPS 197, using 256 bit keys to protect up to TOP SECRET; Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) Key Exchange, per FIPS SP 800-56A, using Curve P-384 to protect up to TOP SECRET.
Comparison of implementations of message authentication code (MAC) algorithms. A MAC is a short piece of information used to authenticate a message—in other words, to confirm that the message came from the stated sender (its authenticity) and has not been changed in transit (its integrity).
The vast majority of the National Security Agency's work on encryption is classified, but from time to time NSA participates in standards processes or otherwise publishes information about its cryptographic algorithms. The NSA has categorized encryption items into four product types, and algorithms into two suites.
As of October 2020, FIPS 140-2 and FIPS 140-3 are both accepted as current and active. [1] FIPS 140-3 was approved on March 22, 2019 as the successor to FIPS 140-2 and became effective on September 22, 2019. [2] FIPS 140-3 testing began on September 22, 2020, and a small number of validation certificates have been issued.
FIPS PUB 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules 2001, defines four increasing security levels; FIPS PUB 171 Key Management Using ANSI X9.17 (ANSI X9.17-1985) 1992, based on DES; FIPS PUB 180-2 Secure Hash Standard (SHS) 2002 defines the SHA family; FIPS PUB 181 Automated Password Generator (APG) 1993
Current list of FIPS 140 validated cryptographic modules with validated AES implementations (hosted by NIST) – Most of these involve a commercial implementation of AES algorithms. Look for "FIPS-approved algorithms" entry in the "Level / Description" column followed by "AES" and then a specific certificate number.
Dell BSAFE, formerly known as RSA BSAFE, is a FIPS 140-2 validated cryptography library, available in both C and Java. BSAFE was initially created by RSA Security, which was purchased by EMC and then, in turn, by Dell. When Dell sold the RSA business to Symphony Technology Group in 2020, Dell elected to retain the BSAFE product line.
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