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Haiti at the beginning of the Haitian revolution in 1791. The revolution was the largest slave uprising since Spartacus' unsuccessful revolt against the Roman Republic nearly 1,900 years earlier, [11] and challenged long-held European beliefs about alleged black inferiority and about slaves' ability to achieve and maintain their own freedom ...
An illustration of violence during the Haitian Revolution. The Haitian Revolution and the subsequent independence of Haiti as an independent state provoked mixed reactions in the United States. Among many white Americans, this led to uneasiness, instilling fears of racial instability on its own soil and possible problems with foreign relations ...
The French revolutionary government granted citizenship and freedom to free people of color in May 1791, but white planters in Saint-Domingue refused to comply with this decision. This was the catalyst for the 1791 slave rebellion, a key event for the Haitian Revolution with which the new citizens demanded their granted rights.
Dutty Boukman (or Boukman Dutty; died 7 November 1791) was a leader of the Haitian Revolution. Born to a Muslim family in Senegambia (present-day Senegal and Gambia), he was enslaved to Jamaica. [1] He eventually ended up in Haiti, where he became a leader of the Maroons and a vodou houngan (priest). [2]
On 22 August 1791, slaves set fire to plantations, torched cities, and massacred the white population. A vodou ceremony at Bois Caïman (Alligator Woods) near Cap-Français on 14 August 1791, presided over by a houngan (Vodou priest) named Dutty Boukman, is traditionally considered to mark the beginning of the Haitian Revolution. Following this ...
The 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution made Haiti the first sovereign state in the Caribbean, the second republic in the Americas, the first country in the Americas to officially abolish slavery, and the only country in history established by a slave revolt.
Vodou even played a major role in the Haitian Revolution, as the West African lwa or spirit-force Ogou Feray is credited with motivating slaves in Saint-Domingue to seek their freedom.
This excerpt from the official "History of Haiti and the Haitian Revolution" [8] serves as a general summary of the ceremonial events that occurred: A man named Boukman, another houngan, organized on August 24, 1791, a meeting with the slaves in the mountains of the North. This meeting took the form of a Voodoo ceremony in the Bois Caïman in ...
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