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  2. Hearing loss with craniofacial syndromes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss_with...

    In Saethre–Chotzen syndrome, the ears may be low set, posteriorly rotated, have other minor anomalies and there may be a presence of a conductive hearing loss or a mixed hearing loss (Perterson-Falszone, 2001). Hearing loss in this group can also be caused by middle ear disease when a cleft palate is present. [1]

  3. Low-set ears - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-set_ears

    Low-set ears are defined as the outer ears being positioned two or more standard deviations lower than the population average. [1] Clinically, if the point at which the helix (curved upper part) of the outer ear meets the cranium is at or below the line connecting the inner canthi of eyes (the bicanthal plane), the ears are considered low set ...

  4. Saethre–Chotzen syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saethre–Chotzen_syndrome

    Small, low-set ears that may be rotated somewhat backwards and has a prominent (bulging) pinna [4] Beaked nose (slightly bent downward at tip) that is slightly off center and contains a deviated septum [ 2 ]

  5. Auricle (anatomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auricle_(anatomy)

    For low frequencies, it behaves similarly to a reflector dish, directing sounds toward the ear canal. For high frequencies, however, its value is thought to be more sophisticated. While some of the sounds that enter the ear travel directly to the canal, others reflect off the contours of the pinna first: these enter the ear canal after a very ...

  6. Otoplasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otoplasty

    Otoplasty (surgery of the ear) was developed in ancient India and is described in the medical compendium, the Sushruta Samhita (Sushruta's Compendium, c. 500 AD).The book discussed otoplastic and other plastic surgery techniques and procedures for correcting, repairing and reconstructing ears, noses, lips, and genitalia that were amputated as criminal, religious, and military punishments.

  7. Anotia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anotia

    The surgical option is cosmetic reconstruction of the external ear's normal shape and repair of the ear canal. In less severe cases, the reconstruction will be sufficient to restore hearing. In grades of anotia/microtia that affect the middle ear, the surgery with the use of a bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) will likely restore the hearing ...

  8. Head-related transfer function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-related_transfer_function

    HRTF filtering effect. A head-related transfer function (HRTF) is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. As sound strikes the listener, the size and shape of the head, ears, ear canal, density of the head, size and shape of nasal and oral cavities, all transform the sound and affect how it is perceived, boosting some frequencies and attenuating others.

  9. Outer ear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_ear

    The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa is the external part of the ear, which consists of the auricle (also pinna) and the ear canal. [1] It gathers sound energy and focuses it on the eardrum ( tympanic membrane ).