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Oligodactyly is sometimes a sign or symptom of several syndromes including Poland syndrome and Weyer Ulnar Ray Syndrome. [5] It is a type of dysmelia. Ectrodactyly is an extreme instance of oligodactyly, involving the absence of one or more central digits of the hand or foot and is also known as split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM). [6]
Arachnodactyly ("spider fingers") is a medical condition that is characterized by fingers and toes that are abnormally long and slender, in comparison to the palm of the hand and arch of the foot. In some cases, the thumbs of an individual with the condition are pulled inwards towards the palm.
Dysmelia can be caused by [citation needed]. Inheritance of abnormal genes, e.g. polydactyly, ectrodactyly or brachydactyly, symptoms of deformed limbs then often occur in combination with other symptoms ()
Dubowitz syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by microcephaly, stunted growth, and a receding chin. Symptoms vary among patients, but other characteristics include a soft, high-pitched voice, partial webbing of the fingers and toes, palate deformations, genital abnormalities, language difficulties, and an aversion to crowds. [ 2 ]
Congenital limb deformities are congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the upper and lower limbs. An example is polydactyly , where a foot or hand has more than 5 digits. Clubfoot , one of the most common congenital deformities of the lower limbs, occurs approximately 1 in 1000 births.
Cenani–Lenz syndactylism is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. [1] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder.
Camptodactyly is a medical condition that causes one or more digits (fingers or toes) to be permanently bent. It involves fixed flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joints . Camptodactyly can be caused by a genetic disorder .
Common physical symptoms show a short leg, the ankle and foot being short and deformed, absence of rays and bowing of the tibia. [4] Another physical symptom is the presence of contralateral oligosyndactyly of the hand. [1] Hecht Scott syndrome is also associated with psychosocial morbidity and mortality. [4]