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The hydrogen in ammonia is susceptible to replacement by a myriad substituents. Ammonia gas reacts with metallic sodium to give sodamide, NaNH 2. [38] With chlorine, monochloramine is formed. Pentavalent ammonia is known as λ 5-amine, nitrogen pentahydride decomposes spontaneously into trivalent ammonia (λ 3-amine) and hydrogen gas at normal ...
The table above gives properties of the vapor–liquid equilibrium of anhydrous ammonia at various temperatures. The second column is vapor pressure in kPa. The third column is the density of the liquid phase. The fourth column is the density of the vapor.
The table is sortable by each of the following refrigerant properties (scroll right or reduce magnification to view more properties): Type/prefix (see legends) ASHRAE number; IUPAC chemical name; molecular formula; CAS registry number / blend name; Atmospheric lifetime in years; Semi-empirical ozone depletion potential, ODP (normalized to be 1 ...
Ammonia solution, also known as ammonia water, ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water. It can be denoted by the symbols NH 3 (aq). Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a salt with the composition [NH + 4][OH −
Gaseous ammonia reacts with other pollutants in the air to form fine particles of ammonium salts, which affect human breathing. Ammonia gas can also affect the chemistry of the soil on which it settles and will, for example, degrade the conditions required by the sphagnum moss and heathers of peatland. [1] [2] [3] [4]
This amalgam eventually decomposes to release ammonia and hydrogen. [4] To find whether the ammonium ion is present in the salt, first, the salt is heated in presence of alkali hydroxide releasing a gas with a characteristic smell, which is ammonia. [NH 4] + + OH − NH 3 + H 2 O
Ammonium sulfate is made by treating ammonia with sulfuric acid: 2 NH 3 + H 2 SO 4 → (NH 4) 2 SO 4. A mixture of ammonia gas and water vapor is introduced into a reactor that contains a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate and about 2% to 4% of free sulfuric acid at 60 °C.
Ammonia has been used frequently in industrial refrigeration since it was first used in the compression process in 1872. It is used for its favorable thermodynamic properties, efficiency, and profitability. [16] Ammonia is produced in massive quantities due to the fertilizer industry, making it relatively inexpensive. [1]