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Chemical structure of tropane which forms the core of tropane alkaloids Chemical structure and phylogeny of tropane alkaloids. Displayed are 3 chemical compounds that occur as natural products in 5 plant species. Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical ...
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine or duboisine) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid and plant toxin. It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the family Solanaceae, including henbane, mandrake, angel's trumpets, jimsonweed, the sorcerers' tree, and Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade).
Tropine is a derivative of tropane containing a hydroxyl group at the third carbon. It is also called 3-tropanol. [4] It is a poisonous white hygroscopic crystalline powder. [3] It is a heterocyclic alcohol and an amine. [3] Tropine is a central building block of many chemicals active in the nervous system, including tropane alkaloids.
Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound. It is mainly known for the other alkaloids derived from it, which include atropine and cocaine , among others. Tropane alkaloids occur in plants of the families Erythroxylaceae (including coca ) and Solanaceae (including mandrake , henbane , deadly nightshade , datura , potato , tomato ).
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, [9] or Devil's Breath, [10] is a natural or synthetically produced tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic drug that is used as a medication to treat motion sickness [11] and postoperative nausea and vomiting. [12] [1] It is also sometimes used before surgery to decrease saliva. [1]
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic medication used to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate, and to decrease saliva production during surgery. [6] It is typically given intravenously or by injection into a muscle. [6]
Tropinone is an alkaloid, famously synthesised in 1917 by Robert Robinson as a synthetic precursor to atropine, a scarce commodity during World War I. [2] [3] Tropinone and the alkaloids cocaine and atropine all share the same tropane core structure. Its corresponding conjugate acid at pH 7.3 major species is known as tropiniumone. [4]
Anisodamine is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid found in some plants of the family Solanaceae including Datura. [4] [5] Its Mandarin Chinese name 山莨菪碱 is given after Anisodus tanguticus (Chinese: 山 莨 菪; pinyin: shān làng dàng). [6]