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Flag of the KCK, often used by Democratic Confederalists. Democratic confederalism [1] [2] (Kurdish: Konfederalîzma demokratîk), also known as Kurdish communalism or Apoism, [nb 1] is a political concept theorized by Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) leader Abdullah Öcalan about a system of democratic self-organization [4] with the features of a confederation based on the principles of autonomy ...
With his 2005 "Declaration of Democratic Confederalism in Kurdistan", Öcalan advocated for a Kurdish implementation of Bookchin's The Ecology of Freedom via municipal assemblies as a democratic confederation of Kurdish communities beyond the state borders of Syria, Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. Öcalan promoted a platform of shared values ...
Abdullah Öcalan, a Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) leader imprisoned in İmralı, Turkey, has become an iconic figure in the region whose ideology of democratic confederalism has shaped the region's society and politics. [169] Besides the parties represented in TEV-DEM and the KNC, several other political groups operate in northern Syria.
Kurdish militant leader Abdullah Ocalan, jailed 25 years ago, is again a focus of attention in Turkey after President Tayyip Erdogan's nationalist ally raised the possibility of his release in ...
It was written by the leader of the PKK, Abdullah Öcalan on March 20, 2005. [13] Having described the need for a democratic confederalism, Öcalan went on to say: The democratic confederalism of Kurdistan is not a State system, it is the democratic system of a people without a State ...
The PKK's ideology started off as a Marxism–Leninism with a blend of Kurdish nationalism.Marxist-Leninists have a long history of hostility towards Zionism. [7] However, the PKK's ideology later shifted to Democratic confederalism, a left-wing, libertarian socialist, anti-capitalist, and internationalist ideology which also goes against Zionism. [8]
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Bookchin's reflections on social ecology and libertarian municipalism also inspired Abdullah Öcalan, the historical leader of the Kurdish movement, to create the concept of democratic confederalism, which aims to bring together the peoples of the Middle East in a confederation of democratic, multicultural and ecological communes.