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The multiple subset sum problem is an optimization problem in computer science and operations research. It is a generalization of the subset sum problem. The input to the problem is a multiset of n integers and a positive integer m representing the number of subsets. The goal is to construct, from the input integers, some m subsets. The problem ...
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation. [33] Python is dynamically type-checked and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional ...
In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total.Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted "+" is defined.
In mathematics and statistics, sums of powers occur in a number of contexts: . Sums of squares arise in many contexts. For example, in geometry, the Pythagorean theorem involves the sum of two squares; in number theory, there are Legendre's three-square theorem and Jacobi's four-square theorem; and in statistics, the analysis of variance involves summing the squares of quantities.
For instance, the number 25 in column k = 3 and row n = 5 is given by 25 = 7 + (3×6), where 7 is the number above and to the left of 25, 6 is the number above 25 and 3 is the column containing the 6.
The sum is taken over all combinations of nonnegative integer indices k 1 through k m such that the sum of all k i is n. That is, for each term in the expansion, the exponents of the x i must add up to n. [1] [a] In the case m = 2, this statement reduces to that of the binomial theorem. [1]
In mathematics, especially the usage of linear algebra in mathematical physics and differential geometry, Einstein notation (also known as the Einstein summation convention or Einstein summation notation) is a notational convention that implies summation over a set of indexed terms in a formula, thus achieving brevity.
A zero-sum game is also called a strictly competitive game, while non-zero-sum games can be either competitive or non-competitive. Zero-sum games are most often solved with the minimax theorem which is closely related to linear programming duality, [5] or with Nash equilibrium. Prisoner's Dilemma is a classic non-zero-sum game. [6]