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In cultural anthropology and cultural geography, cultural diffusion, as conceptualized by Leo Frobenius in his 1897/98 publication Der westafrikanische Kulturkreis, is the spread of cultural items—such as ideas, styles, religions, technologies, languages—between individuals, whether within a single culture or from one culture to another.
Historical particularism (coined by Marvin Harris in 1968) [1] is widely considered the first American anthropological school of thought. Closely associated with Franz Boas and the Boasian approach to anthropology, historical particularism rejected the cultural evolutionary model that had dominated anthropology until Boas. It argued that each ...
The so-called Heliolithic Culture hypothesized by Grafton Elliot Smith includes a wide range of hyperdiffused cultural practices such as megaliths and sun worship (the name was coined by Smith himself from helios, "sun", and lith, "stone") and the similar designs and methods of the construction of such pieces are described as having a linear geographical distribution. [10]
A visible aspect of the cultural globalization is the diffusion of certain cuisines such as American fast food chains. The two most successful global food and beverage outlets, McDonald's and Starbucks , are American companies often cited as examples of globalization, with over 36,000 [ 5 ] and 24,000 locations operating worldwide respectively ...
Cultural reproduction, a concept first developed by French sociologist and cultural theorist Pierre Bourdieu, [1] [2] is the mechanisms by which existing cultural forms, values, practices, and shared understandings (i.e., norms) are transmitted from generation to generation, thereby sustaining the continuity of cultural experience across time.
While different ethnic groups may display their own insular cultural aspects, throughout time a broad American culture has developed that encompasses the entire country. Developments in the culture of the United States in modern history have often been followed by similar changes in the rest of the world ( American cultural imperialism ).
Cultural homogenization is an aspect of cultural globalization, [1] [2] listed as one of its main characteristics, [3] and refers to the reduction in cultural diversity [4] through the popularization and diffusion of a wide array of cultural symbols—not only physical objects but customs, ideas and values. [3]
Some of these means and effects are considered artifacts of the Machine Age of the 1920s and 1930s. Today the interactions between countries worldwide have allowed the opportunity for intercultural dialogue. Countries worldwide have undergone forms of cultural leveling. Some countries being more open to it than others.