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  2. Vacuum distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_distillation

    Vacuum distillation or distillation under reduced pressure is a type of distillation performed under reduced pressure, which allows the purification of compounds not readily distilled at ambient pressures or simply to save time or energy. This technique separates compounds based on differences in their boiling points.

  3. Kugelrohr - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugelrohr

    "Short path" refers to the short distance that the vapors of the distillate need to travel, which helps reduce loss and speed up collection of the distillate.This type of distillation is generally performed under vacuum to prevent the compound from charring due to atmospheric oxygen, as well as to allow the distillation to proceed at a lower temperature.

  4. McCabe–Thiele method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCabe–Thiele_method

    A McCabe–Thiele diagram for the distillation of a binary (two-component) feed is constructed using the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data—which is how vapor is concentrated when in contact with its liquid form—for the component with the lower boiling point. Figure 1: Typical McCabe–Thiele diagram for distillation of a binary feed

  5. File:Simple distillation apparatus.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Simple_distillation...

    English: Simple Distillations Laboratory distillation set-up using, without a fractionating column 1: Heat source 2: Still pot 3: Still head 4: Thermometer/Boiling point temperature

  6. Perkin triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin_triangle

    A Perkin triangle is a specialized apparatus for the distillation of air-sensitive materials. Some compounds have high boiling points and are sensitive to air. A simple vacuum distillation system can be used, whereby the vacuum is replaced with an inert gas after the distillation is complete. However, this is a less satisfactory system if one ...

  7. Short-path distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-path_distillation

    Short-path distillation is a distillation technique that involves the distillate traveling a short distance, often only a few centimeters, and is normally done at reduced pressure. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Short-path distillation systems often have a variety of names depending on the manufacturer of the system and what compounds are being distilled within them.

  8. Atmospheric distillation of crude oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_distillation...

    Atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oils are the main primary separation processes producing various straight run products, e.g., gasoline to lube oils/vacuum gas oils. Distillation of crude oil is typically performed first [1] under atmospheric pressure and then under a vacuum. Low boiling fractions usually vaporize below 400°C at ...

  9. Visbreaker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visbreaker

    A schematic diagram of a Visbreaker unit. The term coil (or furnace) visbreaking is applied to units where the cracking process occurs in the furnace tubes (or "coils")."). Material exiting the furnace is quenched to halt the cracking reactions: frequently this is achieved by heat exchange with the virgin material being fed to the furnace, which in turn is a good energy efficiency step, but ...