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Fitness is often defined as a propensity or probability, rather than the actual number of offspring. For example, according to Maynard Smith, "Fitness is a property, not of an individual, but of a class of individuals—for example homozygous for allele A at a particular locus. Thus the phrase 'expected number of offspring' means the average ...
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations, and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, [1] moderate-vigorous physical exercise, [2] and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan. [3]
Sports science is a discipline that studies how the healthy human body works during exercise, ... (proper nutrition), aerobic fitness, and strengthening muscles. [2] [3]
Such a measurement represents a cardiovascular fitness level. [3] VO 2 is measured in METs (mL/kg/min). One MET, which is equal to 3.5 mL/kg per minute, is considered to be the average resting energy expenditure of a typical human being. Intensity of exercise can be expressed as multiples of resting energy expenditure.
Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living organism. In humans, it is the ability of individuals or communities to adapt and self-manage when facing physical, mental, or social challenges. The most widely accepted definition of good health is that of the World Health Organization Constitution. It states: "health is a ...
Inclusive fitness has also been used to explain the existence of spiteful behaviour, where individuals negatively influence the fitness of those they interact with at a cost to their own personal fitness. Inclusive fitness and neighbour-modulated fitness are both frameworks that leverage the individual as the unit of selection.
For example, a process goal would be making it to the gym three times a week, while a product goal would be to run a mile in 7 minutes. "If you focus on the process, the achievements (product ...
Even in cases where a fitness function is hard to define, the concept of a fitness landscape can be useful. For example, if fitness evaluation is by stochastic sampling, then sampling is from a (usually unknown) distribution at each point; nevertheless is can be useful to reason about the landscape formed by the expected fitness at each point.