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In finance the put/call ratio (or put-call ratio, PCR) is a technical indicator demonstrating investor sentiment. [1] The ratio represents a proportion between all the put options and all the call options purchased on any given day. The put/call ratio can be calculated for any individual stock, as well as for any index, or can be aggregated. [2]
Long 1 call with a strike price of (X − a) Short 2 calls with a strike price of X; Long 1 call with a strike price of (X + a) where X = the spot price (i.e. current market price of underlying) and a > 0. Using put–call parity a long butterfly can also be created as follows: Long 1 put with a strike price of (X + a) Short 2 puts with a ...
Option values vary with the value of the underlying instrument over time. The price of the call contract must act as a proxy response for the valuation of: the expected intrinsic value of the option, defined as the expected value of the difference between the strike price and the market value, i.e., max[S−X, 0]. [3]
Writing out-of-the-money covered calls is a good example of such a strategy. The purchaser of the covered call is paying a premium for the option to purchase, at the strike price (rather than the market price), the assets you already own. This is how traders hedge a stock that they own when it has gone against them for a period of time.
An OHLC chart, with a moving average and Bollinger bands superimposed. An open-high-low-close chart (OHLC) is a type of chart typically used in technical analysis to illustrate movements in the price of a financial instrument over time. Each vertical line on the chart shows the price range (the highest and lowest prices) over one unit of time ...
The stock price S will disappear if we subtract one equation from the other, thus enabling one to exploit a violation of put/call parity without the need to invest in the underlying stock. The subtraction done one way corresponds to a long-box spread; done the other way it yields a short box-spread.
The root symbol is the symbol of the stock on the stock exchange. After this comes the month code, A-L mean January–December calls, M-X mean January–December puts. The strike price code is a letter corresponding with a certain strike price (which letter corresponds with which strike price depends on the stock).
A covered call position is a neutral-to-bullish investment strategy and consists of purchasing a stock and selling a call option against the stock. Two useful return calculations for covered calls are the %If Unchanged Return and the %If Assigned Return. The %If Unchanged Return calculation determines the potential return assuming a covered ...