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4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5 . It is a square number , the smallest semiprime and composite number , and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures.
Number systems have progressed from the use of fingers and tally marks, perhaps more than 40,000 years ago, to the use of sets of glyphs able to represent any conceivable number efficiently. The earliest known unambiguous notations for numbers emerged in Mesopotamia about 5000 or 6000 years ago.
A number is a mathematical object used to count, ... the symbols used to represent numbers. The Egyptians invented the first ciphered numeral system, ...
c. 20,000 BC — Nile Valley, Ishango Bone: suggested, though disputed, as the earliest reference to prime numbers as also a common number. [1] c. 3400 BC — the Sumerians invent the first so-known numeral system, [dubious – discuss] and a system of weights and measures.
For example, in the decimal system (base 10), the numeral 4327 means (4×10 3) + (3×10 2) + (2×10 1) + (7×10 0), noting that 10 0 = 1. In general, if b is the base, one writes a number in the numeral system of base b by expressing it in the form a n b n + a n − 1 b n − 1 + a n − 2 b n − 2 + ... + a 0 b 0 and writing the enumerated ...
Al-Uqlidisi later invented a system of calculations with ink and paper 'without board and erasing' (bi-ghayr takht wa-lā maḥw bal bi-dawāt wa-qirṭās). [ 11 ] A popular myth claims that the symbols were designed to indicate their numeric value through the number of angles they contained, but there is no contemporary evidence of this, and ...
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In 1908, F. W. Wood invented an 8-segment display, which displayed the number 4 using a diagonal bar (U.S. patent 974,943). In 1910, a seven-segment display illuminated by incandescent bulbs was used on a power-plant boiler room signal panel. [ 2 ]