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High-pressure sodium lamps are quite efficient—about 100 lumens per watt, when measured for photopic lighting conditions. Some higher-power lamps (e.g. 600 watt) have efficacies of about 150 lumens per watt. Since the high-pressure sodium arc is extremely chemically reactive, the arc tube is typically made of translucent aluminum oxide.
Diagram of a high-pressure sodium lamp A high-pressure sodium lamp, Philips Master SDW-T 100W. Various types of chemistry are used in the arc tubes of HID lamps, depending on the desired characteristics of light intensity, correlated color temperature, color rendering index (CRI), energy efficiency, and lifespan.
High-pressure lamps have a discharge that takes place in gas under slightly less to greater than atmospheric pressure. For example, a high pressure sodium lamp has an arc tube under 100 to 200 torr pressure, about 14% to 28% of atmospheric pressure; some automotive HID headlamps have up to 50 bar or fifty times atmospheric pressure. Metal ...
Mogul-base lamps are available for industrial use in larger power ratings (250–1500) and in halogen, mercury vapor, high-pressure sodium and metal-halide lamp configurations. Compact fluorescent mogul-base bulbs are also available, as are adaptors to allow medium-base bulbs to be used in mogul sockets.
Meanwhile, high-pressure sodium vapor lamps cost only $44 a year to operate, with a standard life expectancy of 15,000 hours, which also helped to lower labor and maintenance costs. [1] According to the Edison Tech Center, sodium vapor lamps are "the most ubiquitous lamp for street lighting on the planet." [17]
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