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Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter. Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics , which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons .
David Halliday (March 3, 1916 – April 2, 2010) was an American physicist known for his physics textbooks, Physics and Fundamentals of Physics, which he wrote with Robert Resnick. Both textbooks have been in continuous use since 1960 and are available in more than 47 languages.
Harald Anton Enge (September 28, 1920, Fauske Municipality, Nordland, Norway [1] – April 14, 2008, Middlesex County, Massachusetts) [2] was a Norwegian-American experimental nuclear physicist and inventor of instrumentation used in nuclear physics. He is known for the Enge split-pole spectrograph, which became a standard instrument of nuclear ...
In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels. [1] The first shell model was proposed by Dmitri Ivanenko (together with E. Gapon) in 1932.
The study of proton emission has aided the understanding of nuclear deformation, masses and structure, and it is an example of quantum tunneling. Two examples of nuclides that emit neutrons are beryllium-13 (mean life 2.7 × 10 −21 s) and helium-5 (7 × 10 −22 s). Since only a neutron is lost in this process, the atom does not gain or lose ...
The liquid drop model is one of the first models of nuclear structure, proposed by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker in 1935. [5] It describes the nucleus as a semiclassical fluid made up of neutrons and protons, with an internal repulsive electrostatic force proportional to the number of protons.
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Nuclear binding energy increases in proportion to atomic mass number (A), however coulombic repulsion increases with proton number (Z) squared. Thus, at high mass and proton numbers, coulombic repulsion overpowers the nuclear binding forces, and the nucleus is energetically more stable as two separate fragments than as a single bound system.