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[6] [7] Some of these infections are sexually transmitted, however a yeast infection, Candida balanitis, is generally not categorized as such. It is less common among males who are circumcised; in many cases, a dysfunction of the foreskin is a causal or contributing factor. [1] Both not enough cleaning and too much cleaning can cause problems. [1]
Posthitis can have infectious causes such as bacteria or fungi, or non-infectious causes such as contact dermatitis or psoriasis. The inflammation may be caused by irritants in the environment. Common causative organisms include candida, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. The cause must be properly diagnosed before a treatment can be prescribed.
Frenuloplasty might avoid the need for circumcision even when a clinician felt circumcision to be indicated at presentation. [3] A swelling of the penis occurs in 10–50% of patients after operation, usually lasting a few days. Reduced sensation in the glans penis is reported in 2–10% of patients. Below 2% of patients experience an infection ...
Circumcisions “certainly make hygiene easier” and may reduce infections in the area, Marchand adds. In uncircumcised males, an infection of the foreskin, called posthitis, can occur. “In ...
Circumcision is sometimes performed for phimosis, and is an effective treatment; however, this method has become less common as of 2012. [12] While circumcision prevents phimosis, studies of the incidence of healthy infants circumcised for each prevented case of phimosis are inconsistent. [20] [31]
The cause of balanitis plasmacellularis is unknown however heat friction and rubbing are possible contributing factors. A biopsy is needed to make the diagnosis. Balanitis plasmacellularis can be managed with good hygiene and medications. Circumcision is curative.
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, of unknown cause, which can affect any body part of any person, but has a strong preference for the genitals (penis, vulva), and is also known as balanitis xerotica obliterans when it affects the penis.
Treatment depends on the cause and any antibiotic prescribed depends on which infection is found. [6] Spread of infection is reduced by informing sexual partners so that they can also be treated, and not having sex (including oral or anal) until tests are completed and seven days have passed after treatment. [6]