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ALS is a motor neuron disease, which is a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons, the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. [3] Other motor neuron diseases include primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), progressive bulbar palsy, pseudobulbar palsy, and monomelic amyotrophy ...
Motor neuron diseases affect both children and adults. [5] While each motor neuron disease affects patients differently, they all cause movement-related symptoms, mainly muscle weakness. [6] Most of these diseases seem to occur randomly without known causes, but some forms are inherited. [2]
The lateral corticospinal tract is a descending motor pathway that begins in the cerebral cortex, decussates in the pyramids of the lower medulla [1] (also known as the medulla oblongata or the cervicomedullary junction, which is the most posterior division of the brain [2]) and proceeds down the contralateral side of the spinal cord.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex and certain subcortical structures, resulting in gross atrophy of the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and parts of the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus. [14]
Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) are a group of diseases caused by mutations related to glycogen metabolism. GSD type II (Pompe disease) GSD type V (McArdle disease) GSD type VII (Tarui disease) GSD type XI (Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency) GSD type X (Phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency) Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency
Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, also known as myelosis funiculus, or funicular myelosis, [1] also Lichtheim's disease, [2] [3] and Putnam-Dana syndrome, [4] refers to degeneration of the posterior and lateral columns of the spinal cord as a result of vitamin B 12 deficiency (most common).
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease primarily of the central nervous system, affecting both motor and non-motor systems. Symptoms typically develop gradually, with non-motor issues becoming more prevalent as the disease progresses.
GLUT1 deficiency syndrome: E74.810 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (with hyperactivity) 314.01 F90 Tic disorders (involuntary, compulsive, repetitive, stereotyped) F95 Tourette's syndrome: F95.2 Stereotypic movement disorder: F98.5 Huntington's disease (Huntington's chorea) 333.4 G10 Dystonia: G24 Drug induced dystonia: G24.0