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Palladium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1802 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas (formally 2 Pallas), which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquired by her when she slew Pallas.
Natural palladium (46 Pd) is composed of six stable isotopes, 102 Pd, 104 Pd, 105 Pd, 106 Pd, 108 Pd, and 110 Pd, although 102 Pd and 110 Pd are theoretically unstable. The most stable radioisotopes are 107 Pd with a half-life of 6.5 million years, 103 Pd with a half-life of 17 days, and 100 Pd with a half-life of 3.63 days.
Palladium(II) acetate, Pd(OAc) 2. Most ionic compounds of palladium involve the Pd 2+ oxidation state. Palladium(II) chloride is a starting point in the synthesis of other palladium compounds and complexes. [1] Palladium(II) acetate plus triphenylphosphine is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. [2]
Palladium(II) acetate is a chemical compound of palladium described by the formula [Pd(O 2 CCH 3) 2] n, abbreviated [Pd(OAc) 2] n. It is more reactive than the analogous platinum compound . Depending on the value of n, the compound is soluble in many organic solvents and is commonly used as a catalyst for organic reactions.
Palladium is found as a free metal and alloyed with platinum and gold with platinum group metals in placer deposits of the Ural Mountains of Eurasia, Australia, Ethiopia, South and North America. However it is commercially produced from nickel- copper deposits found in South Africa and Ontario, Canada .
The hydrogen atoms occupy interstitial sites in palladium hydride. The H–H bond in H 2 is cleaved. The ratio in which H is absorbed on Pd is defined by = [] [].When Pd is brought into a H 2 environment with a pressure of 1 atm, the resulting concentration of H reaches x ≈ 0.7.
Palladium on carbon, often referred to as Pd/C, is a form of palladium used as a catalyst. [1] The metal is supported on activated carbon to maximize its surface area and activity . Uses
Palladium compounds owe their reactivity to the ease of interconversion between Pd(0) and palladium(II) intermediates. There is no conclusive evidence however for the involvement of Pd(II) to Pd(IV) conversions in palladium mediated organometallic reactions. [9] One reaction invoking such mechanism was described in 2000 and concerned a Heck ...