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Moral philosophers [who?] have defined [when?] discrimination using a moralized definition. Under this approach, discrimination is defined as acts, practices, or policies that wrongfully impose a relative disadvantage or deprivation on persons based on their membership in a salient social group. [9] This is a comparative definition.
Discrimination learning is defined in psychology as the ability to respond differently to different stimuli. This type of learning is used in studies regarding operant and classical conditioning . Operant conditioning involves the modification of a behavior by means of reinforcement or punishment.
Ambivalent prejudice is a social psychological theory that states that, when people become aware that they have conflicting beliefs about an outgroup (a group of people that do not belong to an individual's own group), they experience an unpleasant mental feeling generally referred to as cognitive dissonance.
Attributional ambiguity is a psychological attribution concept describing the difficulty that members of stigmatized or negatively stereotyped groups may have in interpreting feedback.
The perceived discrimination associated with stereotype threat can also have negative long-term consequences on individuals' mental health. Perceived discrimination has been extensively investigated in terms of its effects on mental health, with a particular emphasis on depression. [79]
Once a person is stigmatized, they are often associated with stereotypes that lead to discrimination, marginalization, and psychological problems. [ 1 ] This process of stigmatization not only affects the social status and behavior of stigmatized persons, but also shapes their own self-perception, which can lead to psychological problems such ...
Interdependence approaches to prejudice reduction are based on psychologist, Morton Deutsch's, theory of interdependence. [2] According to this theory, when two groups realize that they have a common issue that can only be solved by pooling their resources together, they are more likely to engage in cooperative behaviors.
[40] [41] Discrimination in this context is defined as discrimination toward people based on their gender identity [42] or their gender or sex differences. [43] An example of this is workplace inequality . [ 43 ]