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The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved durvalumab for certain types of bladder, lung, and biliary tract cancer: [6] [13] [14]. Adults with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who either have disease progression during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy or have disease progression within twelve months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with platinum ...
Chemotherapy for NSCLC usually includes combination of two drugs (chemotherapy doublet), with one of the agents is cisplatin or carboplatin. In 2002, Schiller at al. published in the New England Journal of Medicine, a study that compared four chemotherapy regimens for advanced NSCLC, cisplatin and paclitaxel, cisplatin and gemcitabine, cisplatin and docetaxel, and carboplatin and paclitaxel. [14]
Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others, [1] is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancers. [2] It is used to treat testicular cancer, [3] breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder cancer. [2] [4] It is administered by intravenous infusion. [2]
Cisplatin is administered intravenously as short-term infusion in normal saline for treatment of solid and haematological malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, [9] and germ cell tumors.
In 1983, Coates et al. found that patients receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most severe side effects, respectively. Up to 20% of patients receiving highly emetogenic agents in this era postponed, or even refused, potentially curative treatments. [ 1 ]
A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations.In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy.
The systems of the body most affected by chemotherapy drugs include visual and semantic memory, attention and motor coordination and executive functioning. [9] [10] These effects can impair a chemotherapy patient's ability to understand and make decisions regarding treatment, perform in school or employment and can reduce quality of life. [10]
Cisplatin was the first to be developed. [9] Cisplatin is particularly effective against testicular cancer; the cure rate was improved from 10% to 85%. [10] Similarly, the addition of cisplatin to adjuvant chemotherapy led to a marked increase in disease-free survival rates for patients with medulloblastoma - again, up to around 85%.
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