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Angle of incidence of an airplane wing on an airplane. On fixed-wing aircraft, the angle of incidence (sometimes referred to as the mounting angle [1] or setting angle) is the angle between the chord line of the wing where the wing is mounted to the fuselage, and a reference axis along the fuselage (often the direction of minimum drag, or where applicable, the longitudinal axis).
The wing is designed so that the angle of incidence is greater at the wing roots and decreases across the span, becoming lowest at the wing tip. This is usually to ensure that at stall speed the wing root stalls before the wing tips , providing the aircraft with continued aileron control and some resistance to spinning .
Dihedral angle is the upward angle from horizontal of the wings or tailplane of a fixed-wing aircraft. "Anhedral angle" is the name given to negative dihedral angle, that is, when there is a downward angle from horizontal of the wings or tailplane of a fixed-wing aircraft. Dihedral angle has a strong influence on dihedral effect, which is named ...
Sweep back of the wings has the same effect on incidence, but since the wings are not inclined in the vertical plane, backsweep alone does not affect . However, anhedral may be used with high backsweep angles in high performance aircraft to offset the wing incidence effects of sideslip.
An RF-8 Crusader using its variable-incidence wing during a landing approach. A variable-incidence wing has an adjustable angle of incidence relative to its fuselage.This allows the wing to operate at a high angle of attack for take-off and landing while allowing the fuselage to remain close to horizontal.
Decalage on a fixed-wing aircraft is a measure of the relative incidences of wing surfaces. Various sources have defined it in multiple ways, depending on context: On a biplane, decalage can refer to the angle difference between the upper and lower wings, i.e. the acute angle contained between the chords of the wings in question.
Mean aerodynamic chord (MAC) is defined as: [6] = (), where y is the coordinate along the wing span and c is the chord at the coordinate y.Other terms are as for SMC. The MAC is a two-dimensional representation of the whole wing. The pressure distribution over the entire wing can be reduced to a single lift force
The equilibrium roll angle is known as wings level or zero bank angle, equivalent to a level heeling angle on a ship. Yaw is known as "heading". A fixed-wing aircraft increases or decreases the lift generated by the wings when it pitches nose up or down by increasing or decreasing the angle of attack (AOA). The roll angle is also known as bank ...