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The clock rate of the first generation of computers was measured in hertz or kilohertz (kHz), the first personal computers (PCs) to arrive throughout the 1970s and 1980s had clock rates measured in megahertz (MHz), and in the 21st century the speed of modern CPUs is commonly advertised in gigahertz (GHz).
The chip measures 597.24 mm 2 and consists of 2.75 billion transistors fabricated in IBM's 32 nm CMOS silicon on insulator fabrication process, supporting speeds of 5.5 GHz, the highest clock speed CPU ever produced for commercial sale.
The chip measures 512.3 mm 2 and consists of 1.4 billion transistors fabricated in IBM's 45 nm CMOS silicon on insulator fabrication process, supporting speeds of 5.2 GHz: [1] at the time, the highest clock speed CPU ever produced for commercial sale.
Year Country of site Site Vendor / builder Computer Performance R; 1938 Germany Personal research and development Berlin, Germany : Konrad Zuse: Z1: 1.00 IPS [1]1940 Z2: 1.25
Clock rate Socket Fabri-cation TDP Cores (number) Bus speed Cache L1 Cache L2 Cache L3 Overclock capable 4004: N/A N/A 1971 - Nov 15 [clarification needed] N/A 740 kHz DIP 10-micron 2 N/A N/A N/A 8008: N/A N/A 1972 - April good [clarification needed] N/A 200 kHz - 800 kHz DIP 10-micron 1 200 kHz N/A N/A N/A 8080: N/A N/A 1974 - April ...
Processor clock speeds increased by more than tenfold between 1990 and 1999, and 64-bit processors began to emerge later in the decade. In the 1990s, microprocessors no longer used the same clock speed for the processor and the RAM. Processors began to have a front-side bus (FSB) clock speed used in communication with RAM and other components ...
It was released in 1998, replacing the Pentium Pro in Intel's high-end server lineup. The Pentium II Xeon was a "Deschutes" Pentium II (and shared the same product code: 80523) with a full-speed 512 kB (1 kB = 1024 B), 1 MB (1 MB = 1024 kB = 1024 2 B), or 2 MB L2 cache. The L2 cache was implemented with custom 512 kB SRAMs developed by Intel.
While IPC is difficult to quantify due to dependence on the benchmark application's instruction mix, clock speed is a simple measurement yielding a single absolute number. Unsophisticated buyers would simply consider the processor with the highest clock speed to be the best product, and the Pentium 4 had the fastest clock speed.