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Someone who is unable to speak due to a speech disorder is considered mute. [2] Speech skills are vital to social relationships and learning, and delays or disorders that relate to developing these skills can impact individuals function. [3] For many children and adolescents, this can present as issues with academics. [4]
A social worker or workplace mentor may also be called in. [248] On-the-job training is more effective than simulation. [249] However, virtual job interview training (with computer support) seems to be effective; [250] [251] the use of video models to learn how to answer the phone can also be explored. [252]
Early intervention in nonspeaking autism emphasizes the critical role of language acquisition before the age of five in predicting positive developmental outcomes; acquiring language before age five is a good indicator of positive child development, that early language development is crucial to educational achievement, employment, independence during adulthood, and social relationships. [2]
In human development, muteness or mutism [1] is defined as an absence of speech, with or without an ability to hear the speech of others. [2] Mutism is typically understood as a person's inability to speak, and commonly observed by their family members, caregivers, teachers, doctors or speech and language pathologists.
Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is otherwise capable of speech becomes unable to speak when exposed to specific situations, specific places, or to specific people, one or multiple of which serve as triggers. This is caused by the freeze response. Selective mutism usually co-exists with social anxiety disorder. [1]
[1] [2] The Family Support Act put the program under titles IV-A and IV-F of the Social Security Act, and the regulations were codified at 45 CFR 250. JOBS was replaced by the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program in 1997 pursuant to the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996.
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Elective mutism is an outdated term which was defined as a refusal to speak in almost all social situations (despite normal ability to do so), while selective mutism was considered to be a failure to speak in specific situations and is strongly associated with social anxiety disorder. [1]