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There are various types of potential energy, each associated with a particular type of force. For example, the work of an elastic force is called elastic potential energy; work of the gravitational force is called gravitational potential energy; work of the Coulomb force is called electric potential energy; work of the strong nuclear force or weak nuclear force acting on the baryon charge is ...
The gravitational potential energy is the potential energy an object has because it is within a gravitational field. The magnitude of the force between a point mass, M {\displaystyle M} , and another point mass, m {\displaystyle m} , is given by Newton's law of gravitation : [ 3 ] F = G M m r 2 {\displaystyle F={\frac {GMm}{r^{2}}}}
For example, the sum of translational and rotational kinetic and potential energy within a system is referred to as mechanical energy, whereas nuclear energy refers to the combined potentials within an atomic nucleus from either the nuclear force or the weak force, among other examples.
The electrostatic potential energy of a system of three charges should not be confused with the electrostatic potential energy of Q 1 due to two charges Q 2 and Q 3, because the latter doesn't include the electrostatic potential energy of the system of the two charges Q 2 and Q 3. The electrostatic potential energy stored in the system of three ...
The gravitational potential (V) at a location is the gravitational potential energy (U) at that location per unit mass: =, where m is the mass of the object. Potential energy is equal (in magnitude, but negative) to the work done by the gravitational field moving a body to its given position in space from infinity.
Chemical energy is the kind of potential energy "stored" in chemical bonds and is studied in chemistry. [24] Nuclear energy is energy stored in interactions between the particles in the atomic nucleus and is studied in nuclear physics. [25] Electromagnetic energy is in the form of electric charges, magnetic fields, and photons.
Components of mechanical systems store elastic potential energy if they are deformed when forces are applied to the system. Energy is transferred to an object by work when an external force displaces or deforms the object. The quantity of energy transferred is the vector dot product of the force and the displacement of the object. As forces are ...
The force is a vector field, which can be obtained as a factor of the gradient of the potential energy scalar field. Examples include: Examples include: Potential fields, such as the Newtonian gravitational potential , or the electric potential in electrostatics , are scalar fields which describe the more familiar forces.