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Urinary retention is an inability to completely empty the bladder. [1] Onset can be sudden or gradual. [ 1 ] When of sudden onset, symptoms include an inability to urinate and lower abdominal pain. [ 1 ]
Urinary retention [10] Overflow incontinence (occurs in chronic retention) [10] Episodes of near retention [10] As the symptoms are common and non-specific, LUTS is not necessarily a reason to suspect prostate cancer. [7] Large studies of patients have also failed to show any correlation between lower urinary tract symptoms and a specific ...
Alpha-adrenergic agonists may cause urinary retention by stimulating the contraction of the urethral sphincter. Calcium channel blockers may decrease the contractility of the smooth muscle tissue in the urinary bladder, causing urinary retention with overflow incontinence. Epidural anesthesia and delivery also can cause the overflow incontinence.
People with neurogenic bladder disorders like spinal cord injury, spina bifida or multiple sclerosis, and non-neurogenic bladder disorders like obstruction due to prostate enlargement, urethral strictures or post-operative urinary retention, need to be continuously catheterised to empty their urinary bladders.
Splaying of the urinary stream; Urinary frequency; Urinary urgency; Straining to urinate; Pain during urination; Urinary tract infection; Prostatitis; Inability to completely empty the bladder. Some people with severe urethral strictures are completely unable to urinate. This is referred to as acute urinary retention, and is a medical emergency.
For urinary retention, cholinergics (muscarinic agonists) like bethanechol can improve the squeezing ability of the bladder. Alpha blockers can also reduce outlet resistance and allow complete emptying if there is adequate bladder muscle function.
Ultrasound of the urinary bladder of an 85-year-old man. It shows a trabeculated wall, which is a sign of urinary retention. The pattern of voiding and urine leakage is important as it suggests the type of incontinence. Other points include straining and discomfort, use of drugs, recent surgery, and illness. [citation needed]
Oliguria or hypouresis is the low output of urine specifically more than 80 ml/day but less than 400ml/day. [1] The decreased output of urine may be a sign of dehydration, kidney failure, hypovolemic shock, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, urinary obstruction/urinary retention, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), pre-eclampsia, and urinary ...