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Therefore, it is important to guarantee a successful soybean crop every growing season. Bacterial blight can be found in most soybean fields every year in the Midwest. [2] Yield losses due to Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea have been reported as anywhere from 4% to 40% depending on the severity of the conditions. [1]
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial blight Pseudomonas amygdali pv. glycinea: Bacterial pustules Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines = Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines: Bacterial tan spot Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens = Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens: Bacterial wilt Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
Compared to 23 common soybean diseases, sclerotinia stem rot was the second most problematic disease in the United States from 1996 to 2009. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] For soybeans, crop yields are inversely correlated with the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot; an estimated of 0.25 metric ton per ha is lost for each 10% increment of diseased plants.
Pseudomonas syringae is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella.As a plant pathogen, it can infect a wide range of species, and exists as over 50 different pathovars, [2] all of which are available to researchers from international culture collections such as the NCPPB, ICMP, and others.
Soybean plants are vulnerable to a wide range of bacterial diseases, fungal diseases, viral diseases, and parasites. The primary bacterial diseases include bacterial blight, bacterial pustule and downy mildew affecting the soybean plant. [34]
Plant disease triangle. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. [10] A disease triangle describes the basic factors required for plant diseases. These are the host plant, the pathogen, and the environment. Any one of these can be modified to control a disease. [11]
Bacterial seedling blight of rice (Oryza sativa), caused by pathogen Burkholderia plantarii [4] Early blight of potato and tomato, caused by species of the ubiquitous fungal genus Alternaria; Leaf blight of the grasses e.g. Ascochyta species [5] and Alternaria triticina that causes blight in wheat [6]
Cercospora sojina is a fungal plant pathogen which causes frogeye leaf spot of soybeans. Frog eye leaf spot is a major disease on soybeans in the southern U.S. and has recently started to expand into the northern U.S. where soybeans are grown.