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(Mass is usually measured as weight at a location with sea-level gravity.) Paper sheets are cut to a size of 10 cm × 10 cm, then the sheets are weighed individually. The mean of the weights is used to calculate the mass of the paper per square meter, and the standard deviation is determined from all samples.
Weighing scale to determine paper weight. Paper density is a paper product's mass per unit volume.The density can be calculated by dividing the grammage of paper (in grams per square metre or "gsm") by its caliper (usually in micrometres, occasionally in mils).
In the metric system, the mass per unit area of all types of paper and paperboard is expressed in terms of grams per square metre (g/m 2 or gsm). This quantity is commonly called grammage in both English and French, [2] though printers in most English-speaking countries still refer to the "weight" of paper.
If it is labelled as 250 PPI, that is an instruction to the printer to print it at a size of 4 × 4 inches. Changing the PPI to 100 in an image editing program would tell the printer to print it at a size of 10 × 10 inches. However, changing the PPI value would not change the size of the image in pixels which would still be 1,000 × 1,000.
A quire of paper is a measure of paper quantity. The usual meaning is 25 sheets of the same size and quality: 1 ⁄ 20 of a ream of 500 sheets. Quires of 25 sheets are often used for machine-made paper, while quires of 24 sheets are often used for handmade or specialised paper of 480-sheet reams.
Package testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, [ 1 ] primary packages, shipping containers , and unit loads , as well as the associated processes.
Partial overlap box with interlocking slots to temporarily close box Corrugated plastic box used as reusable packaging. Corrugated box design is the process of matching design factors for corrugated fiberboard (sometimes called corrugated cardboard) or corrugated plastic boxes with the functional physical, processing and end-use requirements.
Gang-run printing allows multiple jobs to share the setup cost. For example, a 28" x 40" sheet can hold 9 4" x 6" at 5,000 or 18 2,500 postcards (each card takes 4.25" x 6.25" on the sheet to accommodate full bleed. Gang-run printing has been one of the driving forces in the large drop in the price for full-color printing. [citation needed]