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Normal contact mechanics or frictionless contact mechanics focuses on normal stresses caused by applied normal forces and by the adhesion present on surfaces in close contact, even if they are clean and dry. Frictional contact mechanics emphasizes the effect of friction forces. Contact mechanics is part of mechanical engineering.
Figure 2: Weight (W), the frictional force (F r), and the normal force (F n) acting on a block.Weight is the product of mass (m) and the acceleration of gravity (g).In the case of an object resting upon a flat table (unlike on an incline as in Figures 1 and 2), the normal force on the object is equal but in opposite direction to the gravitational force applied on the object (or the weight of ...
But if the normal stress in the contact interface induces the same tangential displacements in both contacting bodies, then there is no relative tangential displacement of the two surfaces. In that case, the normal and tangential contact problems are decoupled. If this is the case then the two bodies are called quasi-identical. This happens for ...
In the first case the force is continuously applied to the car by a person, while in the second case the force is delivered in a short impulse. Contact forces are often decomposed into orthogonal components, one perpendicular to the surface(s) in contact called the normal force, and one parallel to the surface(s) in contact, called the friction ...
The maximum possible friction force between two surfaces before sliding begins is the product of the coefficient of static friction and the normal force: =. When there is no sliding occurring, the friction force can have any value from zero up to F max {\displaystyle F_{\text{max}}} .
For example, a free body diagram of a block sitting upon an inclined plane can illustrate the combination of gravitational force, "normal" force, friction, and string tension. [note 4] Newton's second law is sometimes presented as a definition of force, i.e., a force is that which exists when an inertial observer sees a body accelerating.
The opposition to the motion is caused by the separation of the normal force and the weight force at the exact moment in which the rolling starts, so the value of the torque given by the rolling friction force is.. = What happens in detail at the microscopic level between the wheel and the supporting surface is described in Figure, where it is ...
Coulomb's friction law can be expressed as follows: when the tangential velocity is not equal to zero, namely when the two bodies are sliding, the friction force is proportional to the normal contact force ; when instead the tangential velocity is equal to zero, namely when the two bodies are relatively steady, the friction force is no more ...