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The General Problem Solver (GPS) is a particular computer program created in 1957 by Herbert Simon, J. C. Shaw, and Allen Newell intended to work as a universal problem solver, that theoretically can be used to solve every possible problem that can be formalized in a symbolic system, given the right input configuration.
The 5×5 board was weakly solved for all opening moves in 2002. [32] The 7×7 board was weakly solved in 2015. [33] Humans usually play on a 19×19 board, which is over 145 orders of magnitude more complex than 7×7. [34] Hex A strategy-stealing argument (as used by John Nash) shows that all square board sizes cannot be lost by the first player ...
Microsoft Math Solver (formerly Microsoft Mathematics and Microsoft Math) is an entry-level educational app that solves math and science problems. Developed and maintained by Microsoft, it is primarily targeted at students as a learning tool. Until 2015, it ran on Microsoft Windows.
1912 (): Dehn presents Dehn's algorithm, and proves it solves the word problem for the fundamental groups of closed orientable two-dimensional manifolds of genus greater than or equal to 2. [8] Subsequent authors have greatly extended it to a wide range of group-theoretic decision problems.
Word ladder (also known as Doublets, [1] word-links, change-the-word puzzles, paragrams, laddergrams, [2] or word golf) is a word game invented by Lewis Carroll. A word ladder puzzle begins with two words, and to solve the puzzle one must find a chain of other words to link the two, in which two adjacent words (that is, words in successive ...
TK Solver's core technologies are a declarative programming language, algebraic equation solver, [1] an iterative equation solver, and a structured, object-based interface, using a command structure. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] The interface comprises nine classes of objects that can be shared between and merged into other TK files:
The SGP is the Steiner system S(2,4,32) because 32 golfers are divided into groups of 4 and both the group and week assignments of any 2 golfers can be uniquely identified. Soon after the problem was proposed in 1998, a solution for 9 weeks was found and the existence of a solution for 11 weeks was proven to be impossible.
[6] [7] In 2018, Z3 received the Test of Time Award from the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS). [8] Microsoft researchers Nikolaj Bjørner and Leonardo de Moura received the 2019 Herbrand Award for Distinguished Contributions to Automated Reasoning in recognition of their work in advancing theorem proving ...